Pubescence of the anterior part of the forewing upper surface. a, b, c, d the anterior part of the forewing upper surface possesses a strong white pubescence in the area bordered by the costal margin (CM) and the veins R and R2+3, i.e. this area is densely covered with relatively long white hairs (a P. aserbeidschanus b P. ninae, c P. arasbarani neglectus d P. australorossicus) e, f the white pubescence of the anterior part of the forewing upper surface is strongly reduced and limited to the only costal margin, the white hairs are short (e P. ciscaucasicus f P. shamil) g the white pubescence of the anterior part of the forewing upper surface is reduced, not dense (P. damonides) h schematic picture showing the venation of the forewing in Polyommatus and the photographed area (shaded). Bar = 3 mm.