Crioceris asparagi. A C-banded male karyotype displaying a large heterochromatin amplification in all chromosomes but the Y. B Incorporation of BrdU during late S-phase in a female cell: all heterochromatin is homogeneously late replicating (orange staining). The distal fragments of all chromosomes are early replicating (green), which indirectly indicates that there is no Lyonisation of one X. C C-banding of 3 spermatocytes (a, b, c) at pachynema : autosomal bivalents are at contact and form rosettes after heterochromatin fusion. The sex bivalent is always separated. D Q-banded male karyotype: heterochromatin displays at least 3 levels of fluorescence.